What is the primary function of beta-blockers?

Beta-blockers primarily function by blocking the effects of epinephrine (adrenaline) on the beta-adrenergic receptors found in the heart and other tissues. This action leads to a decrease in heart rate and myocardial contractility, ultimately resulting in a reduction in blood pressure. By lowering heart rate and the force of the heart's contractions, beta-blockers effectively decrease cardiac workload and oxygen demand, which is beneficial in conditions like hypertension, heart failure, and arrhythmias.

In addition to their blood pressure-lowering effects, beta-blockers help manage symptoms of anxiety, prevent migraine headaches, and have a role in the treatment of certain types of tremors. Their cardiovascular benefits make them a key component in the management of various heart-related conditions, leading to improved health outcomes for patients with hypertension and heart disease.