Which class of drugs is primarily used to treat hypertension?

The class of drugs that is primarily used to treat hypertension is ACE inhibitors. These medications work by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which plays a crucial role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). By blocking this enzyme, ACE inhibitors prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor. This leads to vasodilation, reduced blood pressure, and decreased workload on the heart. Additionally, ACE inhibitors help improve outcomes for patients with conditions such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease due to their protective effects on the kidneys and heart.

While beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics are also prescribed for hypertension, they serve different mechanisms and roles in the management of blood pressure. Beta-blockers primarily reduce heart rate and myocardial contractility, which can lead to decreased cardiac output. Calcium channel blockers primarily work by preventing calcium from entering cells of the heart and blood vessel walls, leading to decreased contraction and vasodilation. Diuretics help in reducing blood pressure by promoting the excretion of sodium and water, thus reducing blood volume. However, ACE inhibitors are often considered one of the first-line treatments for hypertension due to their effectiveness and