Which medication is known as a potassium-sparing diuretic?

Spironolactone is classified as a potassium-sparing diuretic, which means it helps the body remove excess water and salt while retaining potassium. This mechanism is particularly beneficial for patients who are at risk of hypokalemia (low potassium levels) due to other diuretics.

Spironolactone works by antagonizing the action of aldosterone, a hormone that promotes sodium and water retention while enhancing potassium excretion. By blocking aldosterone, spironolactone effectively increases urine output without significantly depleting potassium levels, distinguishing it from other diuretics that might cause potassium loss.

In contrast, the other medications listed are either loop diuretics or thiazide diuretics, which promote potassium excretion and are often associated with decreased potassium levels in the body. This highlights the importance of potassium-sparing diuretics like spironolactone in managing conditions requiring fluid management while also protecting against potassium depletion.